Industrial and Corporate Change, Volume 10, Number 1, pp. 37-75
© 2001 Oxford University Press
Regular Papers |
European Integration and the Changing Structure of EU Manufacturing, 1987–1993
Economics Research Centre, School of Economic and Social Studies, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
CERIS-CNR, Via Avogadro, Torino, Italy
Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Finanziarie, Facoltà di Economia, Università di Torino, Corso Unione Sovietico 218 bis, 10134 Torino, Italy
Abstract
This paper reports the results from a project designed to track the evolution of industrial and corporate structure of EU manufacturing alongside the ongoing European integration process. At the heart of the work is the construction of an ‘EU market share matrix’ for 1993. This includes estimates of the turnovers of a set of 300 leading manufacturing firms, disaggregated across nearly 100 industries and then, in turn, across the individual member states. This allows us to estimate the extent of diversification and intra-EU multinationality for each of the firms, and the concentration of producers and measures of geographical concentration for each of the industries. When coupled with a similar matrix for 1987, this provides a rich and detailed mapping of how these structural dimensions have changed with the final stage (so far as the legislation is concerned) of the European single market programme. Our main ‘headline’ findings are that, on average, (i) concentration has remained stable; (ii) multi-nationality has increased rapidly—both the intra-EU multinationality of European firms and the inward multinationality of non-EU firms; and (iii) diversification has decreased slightly.