ICC Advance Access published online on September 7, 2009
Industrial and Corporate Change, doi:10.1093/icc/dtp040
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Cartoon planet: worlds of production and global production networks in the animation industry
Correspondence: Hyejin Yoon, Global Studies, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. e-mail: yoon3{at}uwm.edu
Correspondence: Edward J. Malecki, Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, 1036 Derby Hall, 154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. e-mail: malecki.4{at}osu.edu
As more animated films are produced, new "worlds of production" have emerged. The animation production system is distinct from film production, relying on different technologies and labor skills. Its globalization, therefore, has taken place differently, although both are structured by the global production networks of the media conglomerates. We present a framework for understanding the animation industry, its international division of labor, and its diverse markets, enabled by pools of artistic labor, growing demand, and the diffusion of production skills.